Notes on Movie 11/4/10

The Developing Image 1900-1934
• Feb 1, 1990 camera called Brownie looked like a box, price $1
• Before the Brownie people would take pictures once or twice in their life.
• A quarter of a billion sold in first year

Most of the 19th century photos couldn’t use photos in newspapers or magazines
National Geographic – Grovner
o Grovner started to fill magazines with more and more photos
o Colored photos
Edward Curtus
• Takes pictures of Indians
• He brought a lot of cloths and fix them before he took a picture of the Indian
• Photographs many people and made it real
Is photography an art?
• People think its not because you just press a button and that’s it
• Stevus believed that people should recognize photography as an art
• Stevus photos looked like drawings
• Scientific Management
o Frank Gillberth
 Died from a heart attack at the age of 55
o Would take photographs of his workers to see how they work and how fast they work
• Photographs started to have an influence on how they saw the world and what they believe
Jacob Reas
• Started to use photography to photography children in child labor
o Reached the people about child labor
o Photographs went to state and outlawed child labor
Paul Strand
• Used straight photography: do not change the original photo
World War 1
• Most pictured where posed or taken from a far
• Didn’t take that much photos of dead people or soldiers
1900s
• Photos replaced drawings
1919
• Illustrated Daily News would sell itself only from photographs

Photo Walk

Profetional Portraits (114-125)

Shoot a Formal Portrait
• Prepare what you need
o Place that background for the photograph close to a wall
o Place the light about 45 degrees to the right side of the subject
o Set the camera directly in front of the subject anywhere from 6 to 10 feet away
 Camera settings
o Photography a formal portrait it is a good idea to shoot with a wide open aperture to make the background out of focus.
Lighting for Formal Portraits
 Indoors
o Single-source indoor lighting set- up
 Place one light at approximately a 45-degree angle on one side or the other of your subject
 Use reflector (while cardboard) on opposite side of the subject from the light
 Outdoors
o Direct sunlight is not the best lighting for portraits
 Can be too harsh
 Can cause your subject to look uncomfortable and squint
o Try shooting in open shade like a shadow of a building or tree
 Avoid deep shade
o Include blue sky but not direct sunlight
o Cloudy days are great for photography
 Lighting is very flattering for portraits
Candid Portraits
• Candid shoots
o Action shoots so close faster shutter speed like 1/250 and higher that will freeze the action
o Use flash
 Built in have about 10 feet
 Get close
The Environmental Portrait
• Environmental portrait
o Uses a subject surroundings to help tell that persons story
o Combination of a formal portrait and photo journalism
o Show subjects life as well as face
 Camera Settings
o Wide-angle lenses especially for indoors

Action Notes (140-149)

Flashes for Action Photography
• Electronic flashes are a good way to stop or freeze action
• Harold Edgerton used one to freeze the kind of subjects he photographed
• Most cameras made since 1980s are designed for use with an automatic flash called Through the Lens (TTL), flash
• Flash does not go on when there is enough light exposure to the camera
• Older manual cameras use manual flashed with dial on the back that lets you set the ISO of the film you’re using
• Far away subjects
o Wide-open f-stop
• Close subjects
o Stopped-down f-stop
• Drawback in using a flash to stop action is the flash’s range
• Built in flashes are only effective up to about 10 feet
Camera Support
• Action photography consider using a tripod
• Monopod
o One tripod leg that mounts the camera up and down movements
o Many sports photography use monopod
Freezing the Action
• Freez action
o To capture the moving subject as a stationary object with no blurring
 Done by using a fast shutter speed with a fast film
• Faster shutter speed=sharper image
• Stopping action use faster ISO film
• Photography inside
o Faster film or higher ISO setting on digital camera
• Visual noise
o Looks like red, green, blue speaks in the image
o Makes image look grainy and coarse
o Higher ISO more visual noise
Blurring the Subject
• Blurring Subject
o Use slow shutter speed without moving the camera
 Also called subject motion blur
o Longer shutter is open more movement is caught
o Use slow shutter speed in sun light
Types of Blur
1. Camera motion blur
2. Subject motion blur
3. Out-of-focus blur
4. Depth-of-field blur
Panning
• When using slower shutter speeds, the subject can become so blurred that it is unrecognizable
• Panning
o Using a slower shutter speed while moving the camera to follow the subject
• Printing
o 35mm are to small
o 8x10 are perfect

Things that I enjoy: Hanging out with friends!

Portraits

Portrait Notes (102-113)

Portraits
• People are most popular subject for photography.
Early Portrait Photography
• Painting was used for portraits at first
• Gaspard-Felix Tournachon (1820-1910)
o The first great portrait photographwe started in France in 1853
 Used “Nadar” on photos so people won’t steal the photos (pseudonym)
 Used soft lighting and plain, dark backgrounds
 “speaking likeness”
• Portraits that revealed his subject personally.
• August Sander (Germany, 1876-1964)
o Created some of the first environmental portraits
Creating Portrait Photos
Thinking Artistically
• Textures and shapes become more or less visible as the value changes
• You can use light and dark values to emphasize certain aspects of your subject
Working with People
• Photographer and the person has to work together, gain trust, and be comfortable around each other
• A successful portrait photographer learns to become comfortable in front of people and interact with them
• Talk to your subject (person) to make them feel at home and at ease.
Camera Formats
• Want to balance between having enough detail and being able to respond quickly to your subject
• Many professional portrait photographers go with:
o Medium format camera because of their bigger negatives and their ease and speed of operation.
Film Choices for Portraits
Film Speed
• Slow Films (50 to 100 ISO)
o The particles of silver for black and white films, or dye for color films, are fine-grained and small in these slow films.
• Fast Films (400 to 3200 ISO)
o These faster films are more sensitive to light and are ideally suited to available-light photography, like candid and environmental portraits
Black and White or Color?
• Black and White
o Focus the viewers attention on the subject
o Eliminate certain distracting elements
 Bright colors in the background or in subject’s clothing
o Can have a formal and more serious look
• Color
o Can carry feelings and impressions with them
o Warm colors
 Reds, oranges, and yellows
 Set a definite mood of energetic intensity
o Cool Colors
 Blues and greens
 Very different feeling to them one that is restful and calm
o Consider the mood you are trying to create in the image and carefully choose the type of film to use
Equipment choices: Lenses for Portraits
• 24 mm
o Too close up to subject
• 50 mm
o Shows faces less round and broad
• 100 mm
o Most flattering to image
Camera Accessories
• Tripod
o Three-legged metal stand on which you can mount your camera
• Cable Release
o A flexible wire one end of which attaches to the cameras shutter release
o Lets you trip the shutter without touching and jarring the camera
o Guarantee super-sharp results, as long as your subject isn’t moving
• Reflector
o Anything that will reflect light into shadows to lighten them for a flattering and three-dimensional portrait
The Formal Portrait
• Formal portrait
o Simplest portrait and should emphazise the person and nothing else.
 Indoors
o Place person on one color background
 Outdoors
o Place person in front of sky/ ocean or lake, hedge or leafed-out tree
o Make sure you don’t put sun in picture or it will throw off the cameras meter and torn the person into a dark silhouette.